Compare French Southern and Antarctic Lands (2002) - Botswana (2003)

Compare French Southern and Antarctic Lands (2002) z Botswana (2003)

	French Southern and Antarctic Lands (2002)	Botswana (2003)

Administrative divisions	none (overseas territory of France); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 3 districts named Ile Crozet, Iles Kerguelen, and Iles Saint-Paul et Amsterdam; excludes "Adelie Land" claim in Antarctica that is not recognized by the US	9 districts and four town councils; Central, Francistown, Gaborone, Ghanzi, Kgalagadi, Kgatleng, Kweneng, Lobatse, Northwest, Northeast, Selebi-Pikwe, Southeast, Southern*
Age structure	-	0-14 years: 39.5% (male 314,764; female 307,024) 15-64 years: 56% (male 424,726; female 455,967) 65 years and over: 4.5% (male 30,599; female 40,187) (2003 est.)
Agriculture - products	-	livestock, sorghum, maize, millet, beans, sunflowers, groundnuts
Airports	none (2001)	86 (2002)
Airports - with paved runways	-	total: 10 2,438 to 3,047 m: 2 1,524 to 2,437 m: 7 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways	-	total: 76 1,524 to 2,437 m: 3 914 to 1,523 m: 55 under 914 m: 18 (2002)
Area	total: 7,829 sq km land: 7,829 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Ile Amsterdam, Ile Saint-Paul, Iles Crozet and Iles Kerguelen; excludes "Adelie Land" claim of about 500,000 sq km in Antarctica that is not recognized by the US	total: 600,370 sq km land: 585,370 sq km water: 15,000 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly less than 1.3 times the size of Delaware	slightly smaller than Texas
Background	The Southern Lands consist of two archipelagos, Iles Crozet and Iles Kerguelen, and two volcanic islands, Ile Amsterdam and Ile Saint-Paul. They contain no permanent inhabitants and are visited only by researchers studying the native fauna. The Antarctic portion consists of "Adelie Land," a thin slice of the Antarctic continent discovered and claimed by the French in 1840.	Formerly the British protectorate of Bechuanaland, Botswana adopted its new name upon independence in 1966. Four decades of uninterrupted civilian leadership, progressive social policies, and significant capital investment have created one of the most dynamic economies in Africa. Mineral extraction, principally diamond mining, dominates economic activity, though tourism is a growing sector due to the country's conservation practices and extensive nature preserves. Botswana has the world's highest known rate of HIV/AIDS infection, but also one of Africa's most progressive and comprehensive programs for dealing with the disease.
Birth rate	-	25.5 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Budget	-	revenues: $2.3 billion expenditures: $2.4 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (FY 01/02)
Capital	-	Gaborone
Climate	antarctic	semiarid; warm winters and hot summers
Coastline	1,232 km	0 km (landlocked)
Constitution	-	March 1965, effective 30 September 1966
Country name	conventional long form: Territory of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands conventional short form: French Southern and Antarctic Lands local long form: Territoire des Terres Australes et Antarctiques Francaises local short form: Terres Australes et Antarctiques Francaises	conventional long form: Republic of Botswana conventional short form: Botswana former: Bechuanaland
Currency	-	pula (BWP)
Death rate	-	31 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Debt - external	-	$360 million (2002)
Dependency status	overseas territory of France since 1955; administered from Paris by Administrateur Superieur Francois GARDE (since 24 May 2000), assisted by Secretary General Jean-Yves HERMOSO (since NA)	-
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (overseas territory of France)	chief of mission: Ambassador Joseph HUGGINS embassy: address NA, Gaborone mailing address: Embassy Enclave, P. O. Box 90, Gaborone telephone: [267] 353982 FAX: [267] 312782
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (overseas territory of France)	chief of mission: Ambassador Lapologang Caesar LEKOA chancery: 1531-1533 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036 telephone: [1] (202) 244-4990 FAX: [1] (202) 244-4164
Disputes - international	"Adelie Land" claim in Antarctica is not recognized by the US	established a commission with Namibia to resolve small residual disputes along the Caprivi Strip, including the Situngu marshlands along the Linyanti River; downstream Botswana residents protest Namibia's planned construction of the Okavango hydroelectric dam on Popa Falls; dormant dispute remains where Botswana, Namibia, Zambia, and Zimbabwe boundaries converge
Economic aid - recipient	-	$73 million (1995)
Economy - overview	Economic activity is limited to servicing meteorological and geophysical research stations and French and other fishing fleets. The fish catches landed on Iles Kerguelen by foreign ships are exported to France and Reunion.	Botswana has maintained one of the world's highest growth rates since independence in 1966. Through fiscal discipline and sound management, Botswana has transformed itself from one of the poorest countries in the world to a middle-income country with a per capita GDP of $9,500 in 2002. Two major investment services rank Botswana as the best credit risk in Africa. Diamond mining has fueled much of the expansion and currently accounts for more than one-third of GDP and for nine-tenths of export earnings. Tourism, subsistence farming, and cattle raising are other key sectors. On the downside, the government must deal with high rates of unemployment and poverty. Unemployment officially is 21%, but unofficial estimates place it closer to 40%. HIV/AIDS infection rates are the highest in the world and threaten Botswana's impressive economic gains. Long-term prospects are overshadowed by the prospects of a leveling off in diamond mining production.
Electricity - consumption	-	1.564 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports	-	0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports	-	1.183 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - production	-	409.8 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - production by source	-	fossil fuel: 100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2001)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: Mont Ross on Iles Kerguelen 1,850 m	lowest point: junction of the Limpopo and Shashe Rivers 513 m highest point: Tsodilo Hills 1,489 m
Environment - current issues	NA	overgrazing; desertification; limited fresh water resources
Environment - international agreements	-	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups	-	Tswana (or Setswana) 79%, Kalanga 11%, Basarwa 3%, other, including Kgalagadi and white 7%
Exchange rates	-	pulas per US dollar - 6.33 (2002), 5.84 (2001), 5.1 (2000), 4.62 (1999), 4.23 (1998)
Executive branch	-	chief of state: President Festus MOGAE (since 1 April 1998) and Vice President Seretse Ian KHAMA (since 13 July 1998); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President Festus MOGAE (since 1 April 1998) and Vice President Seretse Ian KHAMA (since 13 July 1998); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president elections: president elected by the National Assembly for a five-year term; election last held 16 October 1999 (next to be held NA October 2004); vice president appointed by the president election results: Festus MOGAE elected president; percent of National Assembly vote - 54.3%
Exports	-	NA (2001)
Exports - commodities	-	diamonds 90%, copper, nickel, soda ash, meat, textiles
Exports - partners	-	European Free Trade Association (EFTA) 87%, Southern African Customs Union (SACU) 7%, Zimbabwe 4% (2000)
Fiscal year	-	1 April - 31 March
Flag description	the flag of France is used	light blue with a horizontal white-edged black stripe in the center
GDP	-	purchasing power parity - $13.48 billion (2002 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	-	agriculture: 4% industry: 44% (including 36% mining) services: 52% (2001 est.)
GDP - per capita	-	purchasing power parity - $8,500 (2002 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	-	4.2% (2002 est.)
Geographic coordinates	43 00 S, 67 00 E	22 00 S, 24 00 E
Geography - note	islands component is widely scattered across remote locations in the southern Indian Ocean	landlocked; population concentrated in eastern part of the country
Highways	-	total: 10,217 km paved: 5,619 km unpaved: 4,598 km (1999)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	-	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Imports	-	NA (2001)
Imports - commodities	-	foodstuffs, machinery, electrical goods, transport equipment, textiles, fuel and petroleum products, wood and paper products, metal and metal products
Imports - partners	-	Southern African Customs Union (SACU) 74%, EFTA 17%, Zimbabwe 4% (2000)
Independence	-	30 September 1966 (from UK)
Industrial production growth rate	-	2.4% (2001 est.)
Industries	-	diamonds, copper, nickel, salt, soda ash, potash; livestock processing; textiles
Infant mortality rate	-	total: 67.34 deaths/1,000 live births male: 68.36 deaths/1,000 live births female: 66.28 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	-	8.1% (2002 est.)
International organization participation	-	ACP, AfDB, C, ECA, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, ISO, ITU, NAM, OAU, OPCW, SACU, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	-	11 (2001)
Irrigated land	0 sq km (1998 est.)	10 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch	-	High Court; Court of Appeal; Magistrates' Courts (one in each district)
Labor force	-	264,000 formal sector employees (2000)
Labor force - by occupation	-	NA
Land boundaries	0 km	total: 4,013 km border countries: Namibia 1,360 km, South Africa 1,840 km, Zimbabwe 813 km
Land use	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (1998 est.)	arable land: 0.61% permanent crops: 0.01% other: 99.38% (1998 est.)
Languages	-	English (official), Setswana
Legal system	the laws of France, where applicable, apply	based on Roman-Dutch law and local customary law; judicial review limited to matters of interpretation; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch	-	bicameral Parliament consists of the House of Chiefs (a largely advisory 15-member body consisting of the chiefs of the eight principal tribes, four elected subchiefs, and three members selected by the other 12 members) and the National Assembly (44 seats, 40 members are directly elected by popular vote and 4 are appointed by the majority party; members serve five-year terms) elections: National Assembly elections last held 16 October 1999 (next to be held NA October 2004) election results: percent of vote by party - BDP 54.3%, BNF 24.7%, other 21%; seats by party - BDP 33, BNF 6, other 1
Life expectancy at birth	-	total population: 32.26 years male: 32.2 years female: 32.32 years (2003 est.)
Literacy	-	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 79.8% male: 76.9% female: 82.4% (2003 est.)
Location	south of Africa, islands in the southern Indian Ocean, about equidistant between Africa, Antarctica, and Australia; note - French Southern and Antarctic Lands include Ile Amsterdam, Ile Saint-Paul, Iles Crozet, and Iles Kerguelen in the southern Indian Ocean, along with the French-claimed sector of Antarctica, "Adelie Land"; the US does not recognize the French claim to "Adelie Land"	Southern Africa, north of South Africa
Map references	Antarctic Region	Africa
Maritime claims	exclusive economic zone: 200 NM from Iles Kerguelen only territorial sea: 12 NM	none (landlocked)
Merchant marine	total: 71 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 2,815,472 GRT/4,806,161 DWT ships by type: bulk 5, cargo 5, chemical tanker 13, container 11, liquefied gas 7, petroleum tanker 19, roll on/roll off 11 note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Belgium 2, France 62, Japan 3, Monaco 1, Norway 5, Sweden 1 (2002 est.)	-
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of France	-
Military branches	-	Botswana Defense Force (including Army and Air Wing), Botswana National Police
Military expenditures - dollar figure	-	$207.3 million (FY02)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	-	3.5% (FY02)
Military manpower - availability	-	males age 15-49: 381,056 (2003 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service	-	males age 15-49: 201,402 (2003 est.)
Military manpower - military age	-	18 years of age (2003 est.)
Military manpower - reaching military age annually	-	males: 20,476 (2003 est.)
National holiday	-	Independence Day (Botswana Day), 30 September (1966)
Nationality	-	noun: Motswana (singular), Batswana (plural) adjective: Motswana (singular), Batswana (plural)
Natural hazards	Ile Amsterdam and Ile Saint-Paul are extinct volcanoes	periodic droughts; seasonal August winds blow from the west, carrying sand and dust across the country, which can obscure visibility
Natural resources	fish, crayfish	diamonds, copper, nickel, salt, soda ash, potash, coal, iron ore, silver
Net migration rate	-	0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Political parties and leaders	-	Botswana Democratic Party or BDP [Festus MOGAE]; Botswana National Front or BNF [Otswoletse MOUPO]; Botswana Congress Party or BCP [Mokgweetsi KGOSIPULA]; Botswana Alliance Movement or BAM [Ephraim Lepetu SETSHWAELO] note: a number of minor parties joined forces in 1999 to form the BAM but did not capture any parliamentary seats; the BAM parties are: the United Action Party [Ephraim Lepetu SETSHWAELO], the Independence Freedom Party or IFP [Motsamai MPHO], and the Botswana Progressive Union [D. K. KWELE]
Political pressure groups and leaders	-	NA
Population	no indigenous inhabitants (July 2002 est.) note: in 2002, there were 145 researchers whose numbers vary from winter (July) to summer (January)	1,573,267 note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2003 est.)
Population below poverty line	-	47%
Population growth rate	-	-0.55% (2003 est.)
Ports and harbors	none; offshore anchorage only	none
Radio broadcast stations	-	AM 8, FM 13, shortwave 4 (2001)
Railways	-	total: 888 km narrow gauge: 888 km 1.067-m gauge (2002)
Religions	-	indigenous beliefs 85%, Christian 15%
Sex ratio	-	at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.93 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.76 male(s)/female total population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2003 est.)
Suffrage	-	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	-	general assessment: the system is expanding with the growth of mobile cellular service and participation in regional development domestic: small system of open-wire lines, microwave radio relay links, and a few radiotelephone communication stations; mobile cellular service is growing fast international: two international exchanges; digital microwave radio relay links to Namibia, Zambia, Zimbabwe, and South Africa; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	-	131,000 (September 2001)
Telephones - mobile cellular	-	270,000 (September 2001)
Television broadcast stations	-	1 (2001)
Terrain	volcanic	predominantly flat to gently rolling tableland; Kalahari Desert in southwest
Total fertility rate	-	3.27 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Unemployment rate	-	40% (official rate is 21%) (2001 est.)
Waterways	none	none

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